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This book presents a wide range of new research on many aspects of naval strategy in the early modern and modern periods. Among the themes covered are the problems of naval manpower, the nature of naval leadership and naval officers, intelligence, naval training and education, and strategic thinking and planning. The book is notable for giving extensive consideration to navies other than those ofBritain, its empire and the United States. It explores a number of fascinating subjects including how financial difficulties frustrated the attempts by Louis XIV's ministers to build a strong navy; how the absence of centralised power in the Dutch Republic had important consequences for Dutch naval power; how Hitler's relationship with his admirals severely affected German naval strategy during the Second World War; and many more besides. The book is a Festschrift in honour of John B. Hattendorf, for more than thirty years Ernest J. King Professor of Maritime History at the US Naval War College and an influential figure in naval affairs worldwide.
N.A.M. Rodger is Senior Research Fellow at All Souls College, Oxford.
J. Ross Dancy is Assistant Professor of Military History at Sam Houston State University.
Benjamin Darnell is a D.Phil. candidate at New College, Oxford.
Evan Wilson is Caird Senior Research Fellow at the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich.
Contributors: Tim Benbow, Peter John Brobst, Jaap R. Bruijn, Olivier Chaline, J. Ross Dancy, Benjamin Darnell, James Goldrick, Agustín Guimerá, Paul Kennedy, Keizo Kitagawa, Roger Knight, Andrew D. Lambert, George C. Peden, Carla Rahn Phillips, Werner Rahn, Paul M. Ramsey, Duncan Redford, N.A.M. Rodger, Jakob Seerup, Matthew S. Seligmann, Geoffrey Till, Evan Wilson
Stereotactic surgery has provided a means of producing accurate lesions at selected points in the nervous system where concentrations of nerve cells or fibre pathways possessing specific functions permit some small area of anatomical destruction to produce widespread physiological effects. The value of this method in relation to motor and sensory activity is illustrated by the results of thalamotomy in the treatment of Parkinsonian tremor and by stereotactic division of the spinothalamic tract in the cervical cord for the relief of incurable pain. The accuracy of approach and minimal disturbance of tissue ensures that the beneficial effects of these operations are produced in isolation without associated disfunction in the nervous system. That a similar principle can be applied in relation to the control of emotion has been shown in cases of intractable psychoneurosis treated by the operation of bifrontal stereotactic tractotomy in the substantia innominata (Knight, 1964). Owing to the influence of emotion in psychoneurotic states it is possible to influence many syndromes satisfactorily by operation at a site where connections of the limbic system concerned with instinctive and emotional activity rather than cognitive processes converge to a point beneath the head of the caudate nucleus, thereby producing a reduction in the intensity of emotional reaction without undesirable personality change or post-operative epilepsy. It is felt that it would be useful to summarize the anatomical features in order that the differences between this operation and the old leucotomy procedure can be generally appreciated. It is particularly among cases of chronic and recurrent depression that this form of surgery can be most usefully employed.
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